第十三次在线练习（完型填空）的问题

caiyun

1. 37题为什么为什么选D.that啊，选A.x可以吗？


2. 36题选A. influenced可以吗？可以说negatively influenced吗？

3. 38题不理解，为什么选C.that of啊，选B.of不可以吗？主要是两个并列关系我没有弄懂。

4. 33题答案是选C.experiencing，选D.having 可以吗？

谢谢老师。

ekt1098517

1. 37题为什么为什么选D.that啊，选A.x可以吗？


Other studies estimate that the dropout rate for U.S. undergraduate students with diagnosed mental health problems is over 40%, and    (7) the prevalence of mental health problems among graduate students is six times    (8)   the general population.


首先需要记住的是，正式文体中名词性从句中的that必须保留；
其次，此处的that表示后面的内容是estimate的一个并列的宾语从句如果去掉这个that，he prevalence of mental health problems amonggraduate students is six times就跟Otherstudies estimate that并列了，意思就全变了。



2. 36题选A. influenced可以吗？可以说negatively influenced吗？


... and more students reported that mental health problems negatively    (6) their academic performance.

affect和influence的区别：词
当Influence的影响对象是人的时候，往往表示间接影响，是指某事物影响人的思想、性格和行为，使其思想和想法向着和此事物一致的方向发展，这个影响往往是温和的，长时间的，持续性的，而不是强烈的，直接的，和一次性的。而affect，impact多表示A事物对B事物产生直接的影响，从而使其变好或变化。

Examples:
Affect is more concerned with direct cause and effect relationships.
e.g) Her illness affected her ability to concentrate on her work.
e.g) The economic crisis affected the company's profits and operations.

Influence refers to more indirect causes for an event or decision.                                                                                                                                

e.g) The economic crisis influenced the company's decision to downsize its workforce.

e.g) Music has the power to influence our emotions and uplift our spirits.

Impact refers to more substantial and significant changes.

e.g) The economic downturn impacted the housing market.

e.g) The decision to close the factory will impact the livelihoods of many workers.

3. 38题不理解，为什么选C.that of啊，选B.of不可以吗？主要是两个并列关系我没有弄懂。


... the prevalence of mental health problems among graduate students is six times    (8) the general population.



此处要注意比较对象的逻辑性： the prevalence of A vs. the prevalence of B，避免重复，我们第二个地方就会使用指示代词，因此会用 the prevalence of A vs. that of B.

More examples:
e.g) His problem is similar to that of his family.
e.g) His problem is similar to that of the people he knows and loves.


4. 33题答案是选C.experiencing，选D.having 可以吗？


... 40% of about 300,000 students at some 300 colleges and universities reported   (3)   a mental health problem, ...


完形填空选择最佳答案，此处一定是experiencing更有动态的感觉，跟having表示状态相比的话。
英语写作有一条规则，Putting the action in the verb.

guonaihao

想问问第7题，glues 和 binds 有什么区别
还有20题： companies need to understand the lives of their consumers in order to create brands which will be of most——to them  这句话是什么意思
35题 compare to 和 compare with 有什么区别
43题 insure 不是保证的意思吗 这里能用assure吗
49题 为什么不能用 consequences

caiyun

ekt1098517 发表于 2024-9-17 17:52
1. 37题为什么为什么选D.that啊，选A.x可以吗？

谢谢老师的耐心回答，其他都理解了，但是第一句“意思全变了”，还不是很理解，意思从什么变到什么了啊？

ekt1098517

guonaihao 发表于 2024-9-17 21:10
想问问第7题，glues 和 binds 有什么区别
还有20题： companies need to understand the lives of their co ...

乃豪同学：

第7题，glues 和 binds 有什么区别
... the technological device that  society together also threatens to destroy it through the process of dehumanization
这里考察的是固定搭配，一般来说，促进社会凝聚使用的动词是 bind or hold: to bind society together; to hold society together


20题： companies need to understand the lives of their consumers in order to create brands which will be of most——to them  这句话是什么意思
Professor Rathje’s work is of  interest to commerce; companies need to understand the lives of their consumers in order to create brands which will be of most  to them.
这句考的也是固定搭配：to be of use to sb.
这个句子的结构：companies [主语] need to understand the lives of their consumers [目的状语in order to create brands {定语从句which will be of most use to them}. ]
这句的意思是，公司需要熟悉了解消费者的生活，这样他们才能创造一些能对消费者最有用的品牌产品来。


35题 compare to 和 compare with 有什么区别
A spring 2020 survey conducted in the  of the COVID-19 pandemic by the HMS and American College Health Association showed that self-reported prevalence of depression among undergraduates had increased by 15%    the fall of 2019, and more students reported that mental health problems negatively  their academic performance.
第五题选项C是comparing with，这是错误的非谓语动词形式。如果选项C是compared with那就是可以的。


compare A to B vs. Compare A with B 这两个短语的最大区别是：
1）当compare被用来表示一件事物与另一件事相似，或者在两件不同事情之间进行类比时，必须使用compare A to B.
e.g.) He compared children to young trees, both still growing and able to be shaped.
2）当过去分词compared 引导一个从句或者是短语时，使用介词to或者是with都可以，虽然这里的用法偏向于使用to：
e.g.) This was a modest sum compared to what other people spent.


43题 insure 不是保证的意思吗 这里能用assure吗
Fishing and aquaculture (水产业) the livelihoods of one in ten of the world’s people.
有几个动词都有-sure这个词根，需仔细分辨。

1. 动词 “insure” 最容易掌握，是 “给……上保险”。意指通过保险在经济上保护自己。insure最佳用法用于承保财务风险。
I insured my house against fire and burglary.
The sales person advised me to insure my new computer.

2. 动词 “ensure” 的意思是 “确保（某事会发生）”，表示确定或保证，后面不接宾语代词，而是直接说明事件,  侧重使人相信某个行为或力量产生的结果。
Nothing can ensure the continuance of love.
I ensured that the package arrived on time by delivering it personally.
She ensured that the work was done properly by hiring the best workers.

3. 动词 “assure” 用来表达 “（为消除疑虑）向……保证”，后面接宾语代词，以表明向谁保证，侧重指消除某人思想上的怀疑或担心，从而有达到目的的保证感。在大多数意义上，assure表示人们的担忧正在得到解决。
Use “assure” when you’re dealing with facts or promises.

• Making a promise: I assure you, your package will arrive tomorrow.
• Making someone believe in something. 常见搭配： to assure sb of sth使某人确信某事；向某人保证某事;  to assure sb. that-clause
• I want to assure you that everything will be okay.
• I assured him that the package would arrive on time.
• She assured me that the work would be done properly.
  

4. reassure: to restore confidence and remove worry, fear, etc.  
“Reassure” is used when you want to make someone feel better or less worried about something. It’s like giving someone a comfort blanket in the form of words. You’re saying, “Don’t worry, it’s going to be alright,” even if you’re not 100% sure.
When you reassure someone, you’re focusing on their feelings and trying to ease their worries or fears.

Use “reassure” when you’re dealing with feelings or fears.
常见搭配：  to reassure sb. that-clause;  to rest reassured

• Calming fears:  He reassured her that the noise was just the wind.
• Offering comfort: The doctor reassured the patient that the procedure is usually painless.
  

49题 为什么不能用 consequences
Ground down into tiny pieces, it is eaten by fish and then by people, with uncertain on human health.
这道题也考的是语义和搭配：该题要看后面跟的介词on，have some impact or effect on sb. or something;  have consequences for something

[countable] consequence (for somebody/something)：a result of something that has happened
This decision could have serious consequences for the industry.
Two hundred people lost their jobs as a direct consequence of the merger.
He drove too fast, with tragic consequences.

to suffer/face/take the consequences of your actions
Have you considered the possible consequences?

ekt1098517

caiyun 发表于 2024-9-23 03:56
谢谢老师的耐心回答，其他都理解了，但是第一句“意思全变了”，还不是很理解，意思从什么变到什么了啊？ ...

但是第一句“意思全变了”，还不是很理解，意思从什么变到什么了啊？

Other studies estimate that the dropout rate for U.S. undergraduate students with diagnosed mental health problems is over 40%, and    (7) the prevalence of mental health problems among graduate students is six times    (8)   the general population.

如果没有that，那么the prevalence of mental health problems among graduate students is six times就跟Other studies estimate that并列了，也就是说前者（the prevalence of mental health problems among graduate students is six times）就不是这些研究的预估，而是作者你的观点了，那这里就是无意中剽窃了别人的研究结果。

guonaihao

好的谢谢